Orgasmic coitus triggered stillbirth via placental abruption: A case report
Published on: 23rd December, 2019
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8495684427
Sexual activity during healthy pregnancy is safe. There are little data on how coital activity affects outcome of the high-risk pregnancies. Hereby we report a case demonstrating that orgasmic coitus triggered placental abruption resulting in preterm stillbirth.
A 38-year-old 8-para, 12-gravida woman lived unmarriedly with a constant partner in low socioeconomic conditions. Her previous pregnancies included 7 deliveries without complication, two early miscarriages and two pregnancy terminations. Her present pregnancy was complicated with gestational hypertension successfully treated with nifedipine. She had coitus 2 to 4 times a month, mostly without orgasm. The last coitus which happened in side-by-side position was accompanied by orgasm which continued in uterine hypertonicity and massive vaginal bleeding at 29 weeks gestation. Two hours subsequently, on admission to hospital, placental abruption and fetal demise were diagnosed. At the emergency cesarean section, a dead female infant weighing 1,510 g was born. Fetal pathology was not discovered. Placental histopathology showed retroplacental hematoma, intervillous and decidual hemorrhages, focal distal villous hypoplasia and avascular villuses. Patient’s recovery rapidly occurred after intensive care.
Placental abruption complicates 0.4% - 1.0% of deliveries. It is known that most cases of abruption cannot be predicted and prevented. Our report suggests that orgasmic coitus may be a trigger for placental abruption in those women who have gestational hypertension and multiple risks for placental abruption. We infer from the above case that sexual intercourse is advised to avoid during pregnancy of such women in order to prevent placental abruption.
Analysis of early Versus Delayed Carotid Surgery after Acute Ischemic Stroke
Published on: 3rd January, 2017
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 7317595689
Objective: We evaluated the 30-day outcomes of early (≤ 14 days) or delayed (15 days to three months) carotid revascularization (CR) performed in patients who presented acute brain infarction secondary to internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis.
Methods: We included all patients with a recent cerebral infarction from July 2010 to June 2014 who underwent CR in our center within three months after the onset of symptoms for ICA stenosis. Data were retrospectively collected. Two groups were identifi ed: Group A included patients who underwent early CR within the first fourteen days after symptom onset, and Group B, patients who underwent delayed CR, from the fifteenth day up to the third month after symptom onset. Death, stroke and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were analyzed.
Results: Seventy-one patients underwent CR (73.2% men, with a median age of 71). Nineteen patients underwent early CR and 52 underwent delayed CR. The mean interval from initial examination to surgery was 9.5 days (range, 3-14 days) in Group A and 42 days (range, 15-92 days) in Group B. No complication occurred in Group A within the 30 postoperative days. In Group B, no MACE or death was observed and two patients presented with post-operative stroke (3.8%).
Conclusion: This retrospective study confi rmed the satisfactory outcomes of early CR after acute brain infarct. Accurate clinical and radiological selection of patients prevents early neurological complications.
Acrometastasis as first sign of adenocarcinoma of the lung
Published on: 26th February, 2020
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8559313349
Lung cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metastasis can be seen in many organs in advanced-stage disease. Acral metastasis rate in cancer is quite low. However, because of the direct opening of the arterial circulation, the risk of acral metastasis stem from lung cancer is higher than any other cancers. Although the mechanism is not known exactly, acral metastases occur in dominant extremities. Here, we present a case with lung adenocarcinoma metastasis of the left hand in the second phalanx. We presented this case which is rarely seen in the literature to emphasize acral metastases.
Epstein-Barr infection causing toxic epidermal necrolysis, hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis and cerebritis in a pediatric patient
Published on: 18th March, 2020
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8559324517
Toxic epidermal necrolysis -the most serious variant of Steven Johnson Syndrome -arises as the result of cell-mediated cytotoxic reaction against keratinocytes. Most common inciting factors include drugs, and infections. On the other hand, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), is a syndrome characterized by enormous immune response in the absence of down-regulation of activated immune cells resulting in cytokine storm causing severe tissue damage.
Up to date, several cases of concomitance of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and Hemophagocytic Lympohystiocytosis (HLH) in pediatric patients have been reported. Both situations can be fatal and pediatricians should be aware that these two clinical entities are not mutually exclusive, to the contrary they may coexist.
We herein describe a case of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, complicated with Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis with Central Nervous System involvement due to EBV infection.
CT perfusion-guided endovascular treatment of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm in a patient with perimesencephalic non-aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
Published on: 31st March, 2020
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8582330421
Symptomatic vasospasm represents an uncommon complication of perimesencephalic nonaneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) which is a benign form of SAH without any recognizable source of bleeding accounting for about 15% of non-traumatic SAH [1,2].
Protective functions of AEURA in Cell Based Model of Stroke and Alzheimer disease
Published on: 6th June, 2017
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 7317651488
Stroke and neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are responsible for a major proportion of mortalities in the elderly. We have previously investigated novel mechanism-based therapies of AEURA in cell culture models against viral infection and in glutamate excitotoxity. In our new studies, we propose that the homeopathic formula AEURA could serve as a potential therapeutic agent for stroke & for AD. In examining AEURA treatment of PC12 cells exposed to glutamate excitotoxicity, hypoxia /re-oxygenation injury and A-Beta toxicity. We demonstrated an increased survival rate in AEURA treated cells by comparison to control cells. In examining the therapeutic potential of AEURA in PC12 cells this homeopathic agent was found to be neuroprotective against either glutamate induced toxicity, hypoxia /re-oxygenation stress or cell stress resulting from viral infection (with either HSV-1 or rhinovirus). Our ongoing studies involve examining the neuroprotective potential AEURA in vivo using rodent models of stroke & AD.
The role of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging in better delineating the extent of Diffuse Axonal Injury in a pediatric patient: A case report and brief review of the literature
Published on: 9th April, 2020
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8578256032
Introduction: Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) is a major cause of disability in the pediatric patient. Herein we describe the MRI/DWI findings in a case with DAI. We also discuss the current role of CT and MRI with DWI in the evaluation of DAI.
Aim of the study: To stress the role of diffusion-weighted imaging in diffuse axonal injury.
Methods: A pediatric patient, who was hospitalized in the ICU, was submitted to MRI with DWI for the evaluation of brain lesions. The patient was scanned with T1-weighted images, T2-weighted images, FLAIR, T2*-weighted images and diffusion weighted images.
Result: Brain lesions caused by DAI were more conspicuous on diffusion-weighted images compared to FLAIR images. T2*-weighted images were a helpful adjunct in showing micro-hemorrhages.
Conclusion: T2*-weighted images and FLAIR images alone underestimate the true extent brain lesions in DAI compared to DWI.
Chronic subdural haematoma associated with arachnoid cyst of the middle fossa in a soccer player: Case report and review of the literature
Published on: 16th May, 2020
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8628644362
Introduction: Arachnoid cyst (AC) is a congenital, benign, extra-axial lesion often found incidentally on intracranial imaging and makes up almost 1% of all intracranial masses. It arises from the splitting of arachnoid membranes with components similar to the cerebrospinal fluid. It’s reported that AC can be complicated by chronic subdural haematoma in athletes with repeated head injuries.
Case report: we describe a case of a soccer player with an AC that underwent surgery for a chronic subdural haematoma with full recovery.
Material and method: From a PubMed research, we found 14 relevant studies reporting a total of 15 patients who met the inclusion criteria: playing soccer, subdural hematoma and arachnoid cyst.
Results: Patients underwent different surgical treatment. In the case of hygroma with no midline shift, a conservative treatment was performed. In all cases the reported follow up was a full recovery.
Discussion: Soccer is not usually considered a contact sport related to a high risk of head trauma or shaking head. From our review we can postulate that a soccer player with AC has an augmented risk to have a subdural haemorrhage, more rarely intracerebral haemorrhage.
Conclusion: ACs are common meningeal abnormalities. They may bleed after minor head trauma, although it is rare. Asymptomatic patients with known AC should be monitored by a neurosurgeon and decision to engage this patient in soccer sport participation is still controversial.
Direct Carotid Puncture for Flow Diverter Stent Insertion
Published on: 30th June, 2017
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 7317653750
Objective: To report our experience of direct carotid puncture and its use in the management of a large and rapidly expanding cavernous aneurysm.
Methods: A patient with a cavernous aneurysm that measured 25mm in maximum diameter underwent treatment with flow diversion. The initial treatment strategy was parent vessel occlusion however she failed the balloon occlusion test at 3 minutes. Due to extremely tortuous vessels stable access via a common femoral artery approach was impossible to achieve. We present our strategy, the post-operative management and long term results.
Results: Using a direct carotid puncture three telescoped Pipeline embolisation devices were successfully deployed across the neck of the cavernous aneurysm without complication. The puncture site formed a stable platelet plug after direct compression with an ultrasound probe for 90 minutes with no post-operative complications either intracranially or at the neck puncture site. At 2 year follow-up the aneurysm is completely excluded from the circulation.
Conclusion: Direct carotid puncture can be used as access for intracranial interventional procedures even if patients are on dual anti-platelet medication.
Lateralized Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy presenting with recurrent Lacunar Ischemic Stroke
Published on: 30th August, 2017
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 7317627577
Here we reported an interesting case of an 84-year-old woman with acute onset of paresis of left arm and paresthesia of left face and arm. The symptoms resolved within two hours. She also had a similar prior episode two weeks ago with only left arm paresthesia. Her MRI revealed different stages of lacunar ischemic lesions. Interestingly, the SWAN sequences showed lateralized rather than global multiple microhemorrhages over the right MCA and PCA territory, and the sulcal hyperintensity on FLAIR was also seen with no associated susceptibility effect and minimal enhancement, indicating probable cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) based on Boston Criteria.
It has been acknowledged that the CAA could manifest with certain localization preference. Cerebral microinfarct and white matter disease in CAA have been more often observed in the posterior circulation territory, however the restricted lateralization reported in our case has not been seen. Since CAA is often diagnosed when the characteristic MRI findings are picked up incidentally, recognizing this as a potential “TIA mimic” will be important for guiding treatment due to its higher risk of bleeding. In summary, this case highlights that the CAA could present as restricted lateralized lesions and occur as transient neurologic deficits, which to our knowledge has not be reported before. Recognition of it as a potential manifestation of CAA will be valuable in the clinical diagnosis process.
Unusual cause of parietal thoracic pain: A case report
Published on: 15th July, 2020
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8633816931
We report the radio-clinical observation of a 21-year-old patient, referred for anterior chest parietal discomfort evolving for 3 months ago, with the notion of trauma.
The chest CT (computed tomography) scan detected a costal cartilage fracture without associated traumatic pulmonary or mediastinal changes.
This case illustrates the usefulness of imaging in the diagnosis and management of costal cartilage fractures, and for screening out differential diagnoses.
The aim of this study is to determine the interest of imaging in the study of fractures of the chrondro-costal cartilage.
Is to determine the CT value in chrondro-costal cartilage fracture.
Management of facial wounds with missing soft tissue with local flaps
Published on: 1st September, 2020
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8873200610
Avulsive injuries to the face can be challenging. Soft tissue defects secondary to trauma and bites nessecitate local tissue transfer and the tissue closely resembles the missing skin in color and texture. These flaps can be rotated, advanced or transposed into a tissue defect and include:
The forehead flap (median, paramedian) for large nasal defects.
Exceptional intraoperative aspects of mesenteric venous gas
Published on: 8th September, 2020
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8873200358
A 73-year-old female patient presented to the emergency department with a 3-day history of acute abdominal pain and diarrhea. She had also a history of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolemia. Physical examination revealed examination a generalized abdominal tenderness with an important abdominal distension, with a body temperature of 37.5°, a pulse rate of 115 bpm and a blood pressure of 105/65 mmHg. Laboratory data showed white blood cells at 15.500/mm³, C-reactive protein at 155 mg/l, hemoglobin at 12.3 g/dl and creatinine at 105 µmol/l. Chest radiography was normal. Contrast enhanced CT of the abdomen revealed hepatic portal venous gas with diffuse gas accumulation in the branches of the superior mesenteric vein, gaseous distention of the small bowel with reduced enhancement of the bowel wall (Figure 1). Additionally, an atheromatous obstruction was observed in the superior mesenteric artery at 4cm from its origin (Figure 2). Emergency surgery was decided.
Malignant transformation of an urachal cyst
Published on: 4th November, 2020
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8873200457
A 27-year-old man presented to our hospital for abdominal pain and a cheesy discharge from the umbilicus which lasted for a few days. He was afebrile. The physical examination revealed periumbilical tenderness and discharge from the umbilicus. There were no signs of general infection. Otherwise, he had neither specific symptoms nor a palpable abdominal mass. Pelvic computerized tomographic (CT) scanning) confirmed the presence of a cyst in the midline of the abdominal wall, with communication with the bladder and peripheral calcification. The mass was infiltrated to the perivesical fat (Figure 1). The patient was prepared for surgery. During laparotomy, a urachal cyst with the cuff of the bladder dome were removed (Figure 2). Recovery was unremarkable. The resected specimen was a partial cystectomy specimen with perivesical fat and the median umbilical ligament
Experimental ‘hindbrain related’ syringomyelia: some mechanisms of spinal cord damage
Published on: 6th October, 2017
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 7317596430
Syringomyelia in combination with inherent or acquired hindbrain abnormalities is the non seldom and at the same time controversial issue.
Purpose: The etiology and pathogenesis creates a lot of discussion.
Methods: Experimental syringomyelia was induced in 20 anesthetized rabbits by injecting 0.5 ml of 25% kaolin suspension into the cisterna magna. Six rabbits with puncture and injection sterile saline NaCl were used as a control. The animals were sacrificed 1, 2, 4 and 6 months after the kaolin injection. Four hydrocephalus rabbits were sacrificed in 17 hours after the puncture of lateral ventricle with injection of solution of colloidal gold labeled human albuminum. The sections of the brain and spinal cord were stained with hematoxylin and eosin by Nissle and Marchi methods and with immunogold technique. Retropharyngeal lymph nodes of the animals were examined by electron microscopy.
Conclusion: Our observation showed that water hammer effect and internal destruction of the spinal cord may lead to continuous antigen stimulation of regional lymph nodes and play an important role in pathogenesis of experimental syringomyelia.
Ipratropium induced bronchoconstriction in a young Asthmatic: A case report
Published on: 23rd February, 2021
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 8930784532
Acute severe Asthma is a common paediatric emergency managed according to the BTS and SIGN guidelines. They recommend that if initial β2 agonist treatment bears no response, frequent Ipratropium Bromide doses can be given every 20-30 minutes [1]. We present a case of paradoxical bronchospasm to Ipratropium, an observed but rare side effect.
Osteoclastic giant cell variant of urothelial carcinoma in a COVID- positive patient: A rare variant in an unusual circumstances
Published on: 13th April, 2021
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 9026739581
Bladder carcinomas have a great propensity for divergent differentiation with more that 90% being Transitional cell carcinoma. Several histological variants have been have described so far; they are not only morphologically unique but also have significant prognostic and therapeutic differences making their timely identification of paramount importance. Osteoclastic giant cell variant of urothelial carcinoma is very rare type with controversial management. Studies from China have documented higher incidence and severity of illness in COVID-19 positive cancer patients. We report an unusual case of Osteoclastic giant cell variant of urothelial carcinoma in a 63 yrs old male patient associated with simultaneous COVID-19 infection.
Oncocytic papillary cystadenoma of right laryngeal ventricle
Published on: 30th April, 2021
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 9029519756
A case of oncocytic papillary cystadenoma in a 72-year old woman, a rare tumor of laryngeal seromucinous glands of unclear nature is presented. The patient had a history of chronic inflammation of laryngeal mucosa and both her age and tumor location were typical. The lesion was resected transorally without complications. Histological findings are shown in the present study. The controversial status of oncocytic papillary cystadenoma as either a true neoplasm or a combination of metaplastic and hyperplastic changes, its resemblance to Warthin’s tumor and optimal approach to treatment are discussed.
Focal Ab-amyloid deposition precedes cerebral microbleeds and Superficial siderosis: a case report
Published on: 13th October, 2017
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 7317598597
This case report presents in-vivo findings on the spatial and temporal relationship between focal Ab-amyloid deposition, cerebral micro-haemorrhages and superficial siderosis. A 65-year-old woman underwent 11C-PiB PET scans that revealed an atypical focal and asymmetrical pattern of Ab-amyloid deposition and MRI scans that revealed cerebral micro-haemorrhages and superficial siderosis. Almost all micro-haemorrhages were associated with focal Ab-amyloid deposition. Follow-up 11C-PiB PET and MRI scans showed progression of the disease. We speculate that Abamyloid deposition affects the structural integrity of arterioles, thereby predisposing them to micro haemorrhages. In support of this hypothesis, progression of MRI lesions was observed only in areas associated with Ab-amyloid deposition.
Blunt abdominal trauma with duodenal dissection: A case report
Published on: 28th July, 2021
OCLC Number/Unique Identifier: 9272396153
We describe a new case of duodenal wound with complete transection in a 22-year-old patient following a motorcycle accident. He presented to the emergency room of the rural Regional Hospital of Edéa in Cameroon with a clinical picture of acute abdomen and post-trauma hemodynamic instability. A peritoneal puncture brought back an incoagulable blood. An exploratory laparotomy revealed a large hemoperitoneum mixed with food debris. A tear of the omentum and transverse mesocolon and a complete section of the third duodenum at the beginning of its free portion were observed. The surgeon performed emergency closure of both duodenal stumps and performed an isoperistaltic lateral gastrojejunal bypass. A transfer to a specialized center for a more anatomical continuity was considered, but the imminence of a humanitarian mission in the hospital prompted the surgeon to seize the opportunity of this mission for the reoperation. This surgical revision was performed on the fifth postoperative day. A resection of the distal duodenal stump and the adjacent jejunal segment including the anastomosis was performed. Continuity was restored by a mechanical duodenal-jejunal anastomosis. The patient was discharged on the 18th postoperative day. This type of lesion is difficult to manage in an emergency situation in a structure with limited technical resources. Unfortunately, surgeons treating polytraumatized civilians are encountering an increasing number of blunt duodenal wounds requiring laborious management.
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