Screening for BK Virus Infection in Kidney Transplant Recipients at Mohamed V Military Teaching Hospital
Published on: 25th July, 2024
After kidney transplantation, BK polyomavirus reactivation can manifest as nephropathy in 1% to 10% of patients. PCR testing of urine and blood is commonly used to screen for BK polyomavirus nephropathy. The study aims to detect BK virus infection in kidney transplant patients to prevent tubulointerstitial nephropathy and graft loss. This retrospective study includes 26 patients who underwent kidney transplants between January 2019 and December 2023. We diagnosed BK virus infection by performing real-time PCR on blood and urine samples. BKV DNA was detected in 3 patients. Reducing immunosuppressive therapy led to negative PCR results and favorable clinical and biological outcomes in these 3 patients.
Mesofractal Modeling of Biosystems & Organic Spintronics
Published on: 4th September, 2024
Mesoscopic modeling of complex systems involves thermodynamic nonequilibrium of discrete scaling. Further from quantum correlation on a chip retrieved quantum nonlinear optics with single photons enabled by strongly interacting atoms. Accompanied by mesofractals as the development of meso & micro size fractal structures is required to mimic various biological systems for various functions. Showed through fluorapatite in gelatin‐based nanocomposite, fractal in DNA knots driven by balance of fission & fusion in mtDNA/mitochondrial DNA mechanism, for optical engines for light energy detection described the proportional integral derivative [PI(D)]‐controller set in microbial cells to HCCI/Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition.
Comparative Analysis of Water Wells and Tap Water: Case Study from Lebanon, Baalbeck Region
Published on: 5th September, 2024
Water deficit is a fundamental factor in public health and economic growth. Water supply and population growth are directly linked to water demand. The physio-chemistry and microbiology analysis of water is utmost significance in dietary requirements. Drinking water has the main concern especially it affects food security. This study includes a number of representative sites where 24 water samples (from wells, reservoirs and tap water) were analysed. These sites are located in the western villages of Baalbeck, the main city of the Bekaa Plain in Lebanon where the analysed water is used mainly for domestic needs and for irrigation. This study investigates the physiochemical and microbiological properties. Among the selected sites, Hawsh Barada site shows a strong contamination by nitrate. At the Nabi Rashaded (tap), Beit Shema and Bednayel (borehole and tap), contamination above the norm by zinc ion was noted. From a microbiological point of view, Hawsh barada, Nabi-Rashadeh, Hawsh-bay, and Beit shema are markedly polluted and do not meet the standard for drinking water. Hence, water quality in Hawsh barada, Nabi-Rashadeh, Hawsh-bay, Beit shema and Bednayel are not suitable for drinking, and this must be informed to decision makers who can act implementing environmental controls for health protection in the studied region.
Scientific Analysis of Eucharistic Miracles: Importance of a Standardization in Evaluation
Published on: 13th November, 2024
Numerous instances of consecrated communion wafers turning into human tissue and blood have been reported throughout history and the contemporary international media, referred to as Eucharistic miracles. Various suggestions have been put forth to explain such phenomena, ranging from miraculous to natural. Here, a novel demonstration is provided showing that the appearance of a bleeding host can occur by placing ordinary, non-consecrated wafers under similar conditions as described for many of these events. Using basic forensic methods, distinctions between ensuant reddish areas and genuine blood were noted. In previous studies with miracle wafers, isolated DNA was resistant to amplification with human-specific primers, which has been attributed to its divine nature. The current study shows that multiple types of non-human DNA existed in unconsecrated wafers, providing an alternative explanation for such findings. Finally, a minimal protocol of scientific examination is outlined to aid in the standardization of such investigations in the future, including a distinctive approach to authenticate the genuine shared origin of such occurrences.
Biotechnology in Forensic Science: Advancements and Applications
Published on: 25th February, 2025
Background: Biotechnology is a multidisciplinary field based on the expertise of molecular biology, chemistry, biochemistry, chemical and biological engineering, and digital computing. Biotechnology plays an important role in modern forensic science, driving advances in analytical tools and techniques.This review study provides a brief overview of applications, highlighting advances in forensic biotechnology and key technologies involved in the domains of genomics and DNA analysis, microbial forensics, forensic medicine, and forensic serology. The integration of forensic expertise with technology has increased the accuracy, sensitivity, and efficiency of forensic casework.Conclusions: This interdisciplinary field extends beyond its usual association with biology to also include chemistry, fingerprint analysis, and toxicology, among others. Continued progress and innovation in this advanced field will further enhance investigative capabilities and facilitate the pursuit of justice.
Detrimental Effects of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Gene Polymorphism on Human Reproductive Health: A Review
Published on: 5th March, 2025
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) is an important enzyme of the folate cycle, which is required to convert 5,10-methyltetrahydrofolate into 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methylTHHF). 5-methyl THF is a methyl group donor for several cellular methylation processes. It also donates methyl group for the conversion of homocysteine into methionine, the higher concentration of which is toxic. MTHFR gene C677T polymorphism is clinically important polymorphism and the variant MTHFR (A222V) enzyme has reduced activity, hence increasing the requirement for folic acid. Less conversion of folate to 5-methyl-THF due to C677T polymorphism results in a higher plasma concentration of homocysteine (hyperhomocysteinemia). Individuals having C677T polymorphism are susceptible to various diseases, including reproductive problems like male infertility, polycystic ovary syndrome, Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL), Preeclampsia (PE), placental abruption, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. MTHFR C677T polymorphism mimics folate deficiency, and folate is required for DNA synthesis, repair, methylation, and proper chromosome segregation, and all these processes are important for foetal growth and normal development. Methylation and demethylation processes control the gene expression of about 45% of human genes. Impaired methylation influences the expression of genes involved in the regulation of hormones, spermatogenesis, and oogenesis. In males, oxidative stress damages sperm DNA decreases sperm motility, and may impair fertilization capability. In pregnant women, hyperhomocysteinemia increases oxidative stress and inflammation within the placenta, which causes damage to placental tissue, impairs its function, and disrupts foetal development. Further, hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is embryotoxic and neurotoxic and is responsible for congenital anomalies in the foetus. This review supports the idea that MTHFR C677T polymorphism is associated with an increased risk for male infertility, PCOS, RPL, PE, and congenital anomalies. This review may provide a clue toward a better understanding of the correlation between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and its detrimental effects on human reproductive health.
Deep Learning-Powered Genetic Insights for Elite Swimming Performance: Integrating DNA Markers, Physiological Biometrics and Performance Analytics
Published on: 21st March, 2025
The integration of deep learning and genetic analysis has transformed the assessment of elite sports performance, particularly in competitive swimming. This study examines the fusion of deep learning techniques with DNA markers, physiological biometrics, and performance analytics to enhance the prediction and optimization of swimmer performance. A structured dataset comprising genetic sequences, physiological parameters, and biomechanical attributes was utilized to train a neural network model capable of categorizing swimmers based on genetic predisposition and athletic potential. The model achieved high classification accuracy, demonstrating a strong link between genetic markers, physiological traits, and competitive swimming outcomes. The findings emphasize the potential of AI-driven analytics in talent identification, customized training adaptations, and injury prevention. Furthermore, the study highlights the effectiveness of deep learning in analyzing complex genomic and physiological data to generate meaningful insights for performance enhancement. While the results validate the feasibility of using genetic and AI-based models for performance prediction, further studies are needed to broaden dataset diversity, integrate epigenetic influences, and test the model across varied athlete populations. This research contributes to the expanding field of AI-driven sports science and provides a solid foundation for incorporating genomics with deep learning to enhance elite athletic performance.
Advancing Forensic Approaches to Human Trafficking: The Role of Dental Identification
Published on: 4th April, 2025
Background: Human trafficking is a significant global issue that affects millions of individuals, where victim identification remains a major challenge. Traditional methods such as DNA or fingerprint analysis are not always viable, necessitating alternative forensic approaches.Methods: This article reviews the role of dental identification in human trafficking cases through an extensive analysis of existing literature. The study incorporates forensic odontology techniques, including dental charting, radiographic analysis, bite mark analysis, age estimation, and emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI).Results: Findings indicate that dental identification methods are essential for victim identification, especially when conventional methods prove ineffective. AI integration enhances the accuracy and efficiency of dental forensic investigations, addressing challenges such as record access and cross-border complexities.Conclusion: Dental identification, augmented by AI advancements, is an indispensable tool in forensic investigations related to human trafficking. The study underscores the necessity of international collaboration and technological innovation to enhance forensic practices.
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