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Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is caused by a virus that induces acute infections. Despite its expansion beyond China, where it first appeared in 2009, no specific drug exists to treat the disease. The discovery that antibodies targeting the SFTS virus surface glycoprotein (Glycoprotein N, GN) significantly enhance patient survival has driven the development of antibodies, particularly nanobodies. Nanobodies targeting the GN protein are a promising therapeutic approach. This paper presents a systematic study of the purification process for a recombinant nanobody-Fc fusion designed to treat the SFTS virus HB29. The study evaluated a sequential purification approach using affinity (AFF), ion exchange (IEC), and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) techniques to gradually remove impurities. The results demonstrate that this approach achieves an overall yield of more than 50% and a total purity of 95%. Efficient nanobody purification methods, as outlined here, can pave the way for novel treatments to manage this disease.

Verrucous carcinoma is a rare, slow-growing squamous cell carcinoma that can occur in acral regions, including the plantar surface, being named carcinoma cuniculatum. The tumor presents as a well-demarcated, exudative lesion, resembling benign conditions like warts or infections. In this case, a verrucous lesion on the left plantar surface initially appeared to be non-malignant, with multiple incisional biopsies showing only inflammation. A final excisional biopsy of a large part of it confirmed the initial suspicion of malignancy, prompting complete excision and appropriate management. This case underscores the importance of performing wide and deep biopsies for early diagnosis and timely treatment of a suspected verrucous carcinoma.

Globally, evidence-based healthcare practices are the most dependable framework for effective healthcare decisions and practices. In all nations, financial resources, people, and time are always insufficient. Healthcare professionals should recommend healthcare interventions that have been proven to be safe, effective, and affordable. All healthcare professionals must be creative to be involved in the creation and compilation of trustworthy evidence to support the decrease in morbidity and mortality of communicable and non-communicable diseases, particularly in developing nations. Regretfully, most developing nations still exhibit weaknesses and barriers to promoting health research and evidence-based healthcare. Evidence indicates that developing countries contribute 1% - 2% of health research activities to address global health problems and challenges. As a result, many individuals in these nations continue to have below-average health conditions. The lack of creativity, innovation, and motivation to gain health research competencies for healthcare professionals causes all these issues. Creativity and innovation are the foundations for the effective implementation of evidence-based healthcare. Surprisingly, no researchers have explored how creativity and innovation heighten evidence-based healthcare practices. The primary objective of this project will be to foster pathways and explore the creativity that advances health research abilities among healthcare professionals to improve evidence-based healthcare practices in resource-limited healthcare settings.

Pulmonary Embolism (PE) can present with symptoms resembling pneumonia, creating a diagnostic challenge, particularly in patients with comorbidities. We report the case of a 67-year-old male who presented with cough, hemoptysis, shortness of breath, fever, and pedal edema. Initially diagnosed with consolidation based on chest X-ray findings, he was treated with antibiotics. However, persistent symptoms prompted further evaluation, leading to the diagnosis of PE with pulmonary infarction and deep vein thrombosis on computed tomography pulmonary angiography and Doppler ultrasound. This case highlights the need to consider PE in the differential diagnosis of consolidation, particularly in high-risk individuals, to avoid delays in appropriate management.

Epithelioid angiomyolipomas (AML) are uncommon mesenchymal neoplasms, belonging to the group of perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasms (PECOMA). Hepatic PECOMA is even rarer. It’s difficult to diagnose in preoperative by imaging, especially when the fatty component is scant or absent. The gold standard for the diagnosis is histologic examination coupled with an immunohistochemical study. Positive HMB45 immunostaining of the myoid cells is a major diagnostic feature. Herein, we report a particular case of hepatic angiomyolipoma in a middle-aged woman with no significant medical past history. The preoperative diagnosis was difficult given the absence of specific clinical manifestations, even the radiologists considered high suspicion of hepatocellular carcinoma. The final diagnosis has been made by post-operative histology coupled with an immunohistochemistry study.

Euthanasia has long been a contentious topic. Societal acceptance and legalization of euthanasia have increased over the past decades but still lag behind that of physician-assisted suicide (PAS). Euphemisms such as “death with dignity” have facilitated the integration of PAS into end-of-life discussions with reduced stigma. We hypothesize that the persistent use of the term “euthanasia” hinders open, compassionate communication about this practice, particularly among healthcare professionals who adhere to the ethical principle of nonmaleficence. To address this issue, we propose the adoption of euphemisms, such as “eumori,” meaning “good death,” similar to the terminology used in (PAS). These proposed terms mitigate the negative connotations associated with euthanasia. This approach serves as an initial yet significant step toward reframing euthanasia within the context of end-of-life care. Further research and dialogue are essential to explore and address other barriers to broader acceptance of euthanasia as a viable end-of-life option.

Mass serological screening in the Armed Forces involves detecting serological markers of chronic infections, particularly viral hepatitis B and C, syphilis, and HIV among young militaryrecruits. The objective of this study is to evaluate the analytical performance of the chemiluminescence technique (CMIA-Architect i2000 SR) in mass serological screening using the serum-pooling method at the virology laboratory of the Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital.Samples with known serological results (positive/negative) were grouped into pools of different sizes (2, 5, 10, and 15 sera). These pools were tested using chemiluminescence (CMIA-Architect i2000 SR). A cost analysis was conducted to assess potential savings based on seroprevalence and pool size.Results showed that the pooling method maintained 100% specificity. Overall sensitivities for detecting positive samples were 93.1% for HBV, 83.33% for HCV, and 86.36% for HIV. Positive and negative predictive values were high for all three viral markers, highlighting the reliability of the pooling method. Additionally, this approach generated significant cost savings, ranging from 46% to 80%. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the solid analytical performance of the chemiluminescence technique (CMIA-Architect i 2000 SR) using the serum-pooling method for detecting HBV, HCV, and HIV serological markers in low-seroprevalence regions.

Forensic science has significantly changed the way investigations into crimes occur by providing an approach to crime solving that is grounded in science. Since developments in investigative methods have a direct impact on litigation, its role has become increasingly important in the nation in recent years. The remarks, difficulties, and possible uses of forensic technology in the Indian legal system are discussed in this paper. By looking at case studies, legal frameworks, and forensic technology, this study emphasizes the increasing relevance of forensic science for sustaining justice, enhancing the accuracy of investigations, and overcoming problems with the use of forensic evidence in courts.

Bartholinitis, or Bartholin's gland abscess, is a relatively common gynecological condition among women of reproductive age. Its annual incidence is estimated at approximately 0.5 per 1,000 women, which corresponds to a lifetime cumulative risk of about 2%. The condition primarily affects patients between 20 and 50 years old, with a peak frequency observed between 35 and 50 years.After menopause, due to the natural involution of the gland, Bartholin's cysts and abscesses become less frequent, although they can still occur. Moreover, in women over 50, the appearance of a new mass in the gland region should prompt caution, as it may, in rare cases, indicate a carcinoma of the Bartholin's gland or an adjacent vulvar cancer. Therefore, for patients over 40 presenting with a newly emerged cyst or abscess, clinical guidelines recommend performing a biopsy or excision to rule out malignancy. We present the case of a 50-year-old woman with no significant medical history, who was urgently referred to the gynecological emergency department due to confusion, unexplained fever of 40 °C, and resistant leucorrhoea following a week of corticosteroid antibiotic therapy. Clinical examination revealed a large, tender right vulvar mass, indicative of an acute Bartholin's abscess. The patient exhibited signs of septic shock and was admitted to the ICU. Following a diagnosis of sepsis, broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy was initiated, alongside fluid resuscitation and norepinephrine support. Surgical drainage of the abscess confirmed the presence of E. coli. The patient's condition improved rapidly, and she was discharged on postoperative day 8 with no complications. This case underscores that while Bartholin's abscess is typically benign, severe complications, including septic shock, can occur—especially in patients over 50. The appearance of a new Bartholin's region mass in older women should prompt consideration of malignancy, necessitating biopsy or excision. Recent studies compare various therapeutic approaches including simple incision and drainage, Word catheter placement, marsupialization, silver nitrate application, and complete gland excision. Each method has its advantages and drawbacks, with marsupialization offering lower recurrence rates and higher patient satisfaction in many instances. 

Background: Studies explored the therapeutic role of agents inhibiting RAS in epilepsy. Fewer studies addressed the electrophysiological changes associated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) in terms of sustained seizures (status epilepticus). Sodium valproate (SVPA), a broad-spectrum anticonvulsant, has been associated with adverse cardiac events upon long-term use, in contrast to the beneficial role of ACEIs in cardiovascular disorders.  This work explored the potential effects of ramipril, an ACEI, compared to SVPA, on the behavior, and electrophysiology of the brain and heart in a rat model of status epilepticus. The dose dependent pattern of the presumed ramipril activities was investigated. Methods: Adult male rats were assigned into seven groups, controls, IP pyridostigmine (36 mg/kg)-induced status epilepticus (PISE), oral SVPA (5 mg/kg), and three groups receiving oral ramipril at respective doses of 5 (R5), 10 (R10), and 20 mg/kg (R20). Rat behavior was assessed using Racine’s motor convulsion scoring for 10 minutes.  Blood pressure was recorded, and electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) were performed on the sedated rats 24 hours after recovery. Results: Despite the partial behavioral improvement of motor convulsions with R5 and R10 exhibited epileptogenic activity, as indicated by the increased relative power of fast and slow gamma waves and total EEG power. R10 triggered arrhythmia and cardiac ischemia as indicated by absence of P wave, along with ST elevation and tall T wave, slowed heart rate and prolonged QRS, QTc, and RR intervals. Conclusion: PISE was resistant to sodium valproate and ramipril. Ramipril at low and moderate doses induced epileptogenic activity and, especially at moderate dose, precipitated cardiac ischemia and arrhythmia. SummaryThe debatable role of ramipril in epilepsy was studied in a rat model of pyridostigmine-induced status epilepticus, compared to sodium valproate. Increasing ramipril doses did not resolve status epilepticus in rats. Instead, low and moderate doses exhibited epileptogenic activity, opposite to high dose ramipril and sodium valproate. Blood pressure was dose-dependently reduced with ramipril. Electrocardiography showed evidence of cardiac arrythmia and ischemia, especially with the moderate ramipril dose. The behavioral and EEG indices correlated with systolic blood pressure and ECG changes.

The integration of deep learning and genetic analysis has transformed the assessment of elite sports performance, particularly in competitive swimming. This study examines the fusion of deep learning techniques with DNA markers, physiological biometrics, and performance analytics to enhance the prediction and optimization of swimmer performance. A structured dataset comprising genetic sequences, physiological parameters, and biomechanical attributes was utilized to train a neural network model capable of categorizing swimmers based on genetic predisposition and athletic potential. The model achieved high classification accuracy, demonstrating a strong link between genetic markers, physiological traits, and competitive swimming outcomes. The findings emphasize the potential of AI-driven analytics in talent identification, customized training adaptations, and injury prevention. Furthermore, the study highlights the effectiveness of deep learning in analyzing complex genomic and physiological data to generate meaningful insights for performance enhancement. While the results validate the feasibility of using genetic and AI-based models for performance prediction, further studies are needed to broaden dataset diversity, integrate epigenetic influences, and test the model across varied athlete populations. This research contributes to the expanding field of AI-driven sports science and provides a solid foundation for incorporating genomics with deep learning to enhance elite athletic performance.

Citrus sinensis is a rich source of bioactive compounds  and has attracted attention due to its medicinal benefits. Historically regarded as agricultural waste, orange peel is rich in flavonoids, polyphenols, tannins, and essential oils with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant qualities. The phytochemicals in Citrus sinensis peel were used as natural reducing and stabilizing agents in the green synthesis method used in this work to create silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). This method is an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional nanoparticle production, eliminating the need for hazardous chemicals. Based on the study’s results, green-synthesized silver nanoparticles derived from Citrus sinensis peel extract offer a sustainable and biocompatible substitute for biomedical applications. The pharmaceutical and healthcare industries may find therapeutic uses for them due to their exceptional antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties.

The concurrent emergence of dengue fever and the COVID-19 pandemic posed significant challenges to India’s healthcare system, particularly in Western Rajasthan, a region characterized by its arid climate and unique socio-demographic conditions. This study aimed to investigate the clinical and molecular characteristics of dengue during the COVID-19 pandemic, focusing on trends, diagnostic challenges, and serotype distribution. Conducted at Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur, in 2021, the study included 550 dengue-positive patients confirmed via rapid diagnostic tests and further analyzed using Dengue NS1 antigen and IgM antibody ELISA. Molecular characterization was performed using RT-PCR for serotyping.The results revealed a male predominance (72.36%) and a higher incidence in the 21–30-year age group (39.09%). Urban areas accounted for 67.73% of cases, with significant NS1 and IgM positivity (p = 0.042 and p = 0.004, respectively). Most cases (86.91%) were managed outpatient, though IgM positivity was significantly higher among hospitalized patients (19.19%, p < 0.001), indicating severe or prolonged infections. Platelet counts were above 100,000/mm³ in 86.91% of cases, with only 0.37% showing critically low counts (< 20,000/mm³). Seasonal analysis showed a peak in October (n = 325), correlating with post-monsoon vector breeding. Serotyping identified DENV2 as the dominant strain (97.42%), associated with severe dengue manifestations, including Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF).The study highlights the dual burden of dengue and COVID-19, emphasizing the need for enhanced vector control, improved diagnostic strategies and public health interventions during overlapping outbreaks. The predominance of DENV2 underscores the importance of serotype-specific surveillance and preparedness to mitigate future dengue epidemics in the region.

Left ventricular thrombus (LVT) is a life threatening complication following acute coronary syndromes but in modern era its incidence has reduced since the introduction of primary percutaneous intervention. LVT is associated with higher morbidity and mortality due to its thromboembolic events and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). This is a case report of 30-year-old male  who presented with acute abdomen and left ventricular thrombus. CECT abdomen revealed superior mesenteric artery (SMA) thrombosis and echocardiography revealed severe ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction, EF<30%) with global hypokinesia and LVT. SMA thrombosis is fatal and if left unattended can lead to intestinal ischemia and gangrene, hence immediate intervention is warranted. This patient had undergone emergency laparotomy under general anesthesia for the resection of gangrenous jejunal segment with mucous fistula . This case report discusses perioperative management considerations in such cases.

Multiple stab wounds are a critical forensic indicator, frequently linked to violent assaults, homicides, or self-inflicted injuries. These penetrating injuries result from sharp-edged weapons such as knives, daggers, or other pointed instruments. The depth, size, and severity of the wounds depend on factors including the type of weapon used, the force applied, and the anatomical location of impact. Forensic examination of stab wounds is essential in determining the manner of death—homicidal, suicidal, or accidental. Detailed analysis of wound characteristics, such as depth, trajectory, and associated injuries, aids in crime scene reconstruction. Additionally, identifying defensive wounds can indicate victim resistance, further supporting forensic interpretations. A meticulous forensic autopsy, including weapon analysis and internal organ assessment, is crucial in establishing the cause of death. These findings play a vital role in medico-legal investigations, providing key forensic evidence that supports legal proceedings and ensures justice.

Background: Acral Fibromyxoma (AFM) is a rare benign soft tissue tumour which is described as a fibromatous and myxoid tumour of skin and soft tissue. Case details: A 40-year-old  male presented to the Dermatology outpatient department with swelling over the wrist of one year duration. The swelling was associated with mild pain, and it gradually increased in size to reach its present size. Cutaneous examination revealed a 2x2 cm mobile, cystic to firm, non-tender swelling over the dorsum of the right wrist. Based on its location and clinical features, it was provisionally diagnosed as a ganglion cyst  and excision biopsy was done. Histology showed stellate-shaped cells in a myxoid background with round to oval nuclei having a small, inconspicuous nucleolus. Acral fibromyxoma presents a distinct histopathology including a myxoid stroma and spindle-shaped cells, which are essential for accurate diagnosis and management.

Melanoma is a highly malignant neoplasm arising from melanocytes, which are melanin-producing neural crest cells primarily located in the basal layer of the epidermis, making cutaneous melanoma the most common subtype. However, melanocytes are also found in other anatomical locations, and primary non-cutaneous melanomas, though rare, have been documented. Due to the aggressive nature of this malignancy, it carries a poor prognosis, particularly because it tends to metastasize to various, often atypical, sites. Recognizing these variable presentations is essential for timely diagnosis. Here, we report a rare case of metastatic brain melanoma in a young female and review the relevant literature, highlighting the importance of imaging in identification.