A Prospective Observational Study on Neurotoxicity of Chemotherapy - A Critical Analysis
Published on: 2nd April, 2024
Background: Cancer treatment frequently depends on the intricate and potent effects that are acknowledged for their potential to save lives. Chemotherapy can have adverse effects on both the central and peripheral nervous systems, posing significant challenges.Objective: • To assess the causative agent, development, and timing of occurrence.• To improve management of neurological complications.• To discriminate the iatrogenic effects of cancer therapy and neurological progression.Method: A prospective observational study was conducted in a hospital setting, focusing on the neurotoxic effects of chemotherapy in cancer patients over a span of six months. The research involved participants from both the oncology in-patient and daycare departments. After obtaining informed consent, individuals in the study population were interviewed to gather information about any neurological symptoms they encountered following their chemotherapy sessions.Results and discussion: Within our study population, a predominant 67% comprised female patients, while male patients constituted 33%. Of the total participants, 66% reported experiencing neurological symptoms. Among these symptoms, the majority of patients encountered sensations such as tingling, numbness, and a burning sensation. Other reported symptoms included headaches, distal weakness, myalgia, seizures, and ataxia.Conclusion: In this current study, 66% of the study population encountered neurological side effects. Generally, the presence of comorbidities, vitamin deficiencies, and advanced age can significantly contribute to the development of peripheral neuropathy. Depending on the severity of neuropathy, recommendations for interventions include the prescription of vitamin supplements, calcium supplements, duloxetine, and pregabalin.
Hypercalcemia due to Elevated 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D in Tophaceous Gout - Case Report and Literature Review
Published on: 22nd November, 2024
Granulomatous diseases can cause hypercalcemia due to elevated 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D through the production of 1-α hydroxylase by macrophages in the granulomas. Tophaceous gout is not considered to cause this picture. However, there are a few case reports of this occurrence in tophaceous gout, as well as the description of intense 1-α hydroxylase activity in granulomas of tophi in gout patients. We review this literature, and we report a well-documented case of hypercalcemia with elevated serum 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D in a patient with extensive tophaceous gout and tophi loaded with granulomas. An extensive work-up ruled out other causes of hypercalcemia and granulomatous diseases. Prednisone corrected the chemical abnormalities. Diffuse tophaceous gout should be considered a rare cause of hypercalcemia due to excessive 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D.
Relationship between Vitamin D Deficiency and Lipopolysaccharides Porphyromonas gingivalis Bacteria in Stunting Children
Published on: 24th December, 2024
Background: Stunting is a condition of growth and development disorders in children under 5 years of age who appear shorter than their age caused by nutritional deficiencies. The stunted growth and development of children can be influenced by deficiencies in the intake of macronutrients such as protein and micronutrients such as calcium, phosphorus, zinc, and vitamin D. One nutrient that is relevant to current dental health research is vitamin D. Objective: This review article will further analyze the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and Porphyromonas gingivalis bacterial lipopolysaccharide in stunting children. Literature review: Vitamin D deficiency can cause various problems related to the oral cavity such as a decrease in salivary flow rate, buffer capacity, and salivary content such as protein. A decrease in salivary flow rate causes secretory Immunoglobulin A (IgA) to decrease, thus disrupting the colonization of normal microflora in the oral cavity. Reduced vitamin D levels can potentially increase the number of Porpyhromonas gingivalis bacteria and also lipopolysaccharides (LPS), thus inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of alveolar bone cells. Conclusion: Therefore, lack of micronutrient intake such as vitamin D deficiency can trigger the growth of Porphyromonas gingivalis bacteria and an increase in bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharides, especially in stunted children.
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